Elbow fractures can significantly affect daily functioning because of the central role the elbow plays in the movement and stability of the arm. These injuries require precise management to restore arm functionality and prevent long-term complications such as stiffness, instability and chronic pain.
An elbow fracture involves a fracture in one or more of the bones that form the elbow joint: the humerus (the arm bone), the ulna, and the radius (the two bones of the forearm). The complexity of the elbow joint, which allows both flexion and rotational movements of the forearm, makes the treatment of fractures in this area particularly difficult.
Causes of elbow fractures
Fractures of the elbow often result from:
- Direct impact, such as a fall directly on the elbow or a blow received by someone participating in sports that involve contact with an opponent.
- Indirect injury, such as a fall on an outstretched arm, which can transfer force to the elbow, breaking one or more of its bones.
- Stress fractures, as repetitive stress on the elbow joint, often seen in athletes, can lead to small, superficial fractures.
Symptoms of elbow fractures
Common symptoms include:
- Pain and tenderness, which become more severe with elbow movement.
- Swelling and bruising around the elbow.
- Visible deformity, depending on the severity of the fracture.
- Reduced range of motion, difficulty in bending or straightening the arm, often accompanied by a creaking sensation.
Diagnosis and initial treatment
Accurate diagnosis of an elbow fracture usually involves a clinical examination and imaging tests, such as x-rays or CT scans, to determine the location and complexity of the fracture. Initial treatment may include immobilisation with a splint or cast, application of ice, elevation and pain management with medication. In more severe elbow fractures, surgical treatment is recommended.
The osteosynthesis procedure for elbow fractures
When non-surgical treatment options are inadequate or when the fractures are complex, osteosynthesis is often recommended to effectively treat elbow fractures. This surgical technique involves repositioning the bone fragments to their normal alignment and securing them with hardware such as screws, plates, etc.
The method of osteosynthesis to be applied depends on the type of fracture. The available methods are:
- - Internal fixation. In this method, metal screws and plates are placed directly into the bone fragments to hold them in place, allowing for early movement and shorter healing time.
- External fixation. An external frame can be used to stabilize bones without penetrating the affected area more than necessary.
- Hybrid stabilization. This method combines elements of internal and external fixation, depending on the specifics of the injury.
The osteosynthesis procedure is usually performed under general anesthesia and the complexity of the surgery can vary greatly depending on the fracture.
Following surgery, rehabilitation includes physical therapy to restore motion, strength and function. The rehabilitation schedule may vary from patient to patient, but following a rehabilitation plan is very important for optimal results.
Benefits of osteosynthesis for elbow fractures
Osteosynthesis offers several advantages over non-surgical treatment for severe elbow fractures:
- - It completely and accurately restores the original anatomy of the elbow, which is very important in order for the joint to remain functional.
- Mechanical fixation of the fracture allows for faster and more reliable healing of the bone, thus offering a shorter recovery time.
- Patients can start rehabilitation earlier, which makes it easier to prevent stiffness and maintain range of motion.
- Properly applied, osteosynthesis can minimize the risk of post-traumatic arthritis and chronic instability.
Elbow fracture prevention
Despite the success and effectiveness of osteosynthesis for elbow fractures, there are several ways to prevent them.
- Eliminate hazards in the environment that could lead to falls, such as loose carpets or slippery floors.
- Wearing proper safety equipment during sports or physical activities.
- Regular exercise to strengthen the muscles around the elbow and improve joint stability.
- Diet rich in calcium and vitamin D to maintain bone strength.
Osteosynthesis is applied to effectively manage complex elbow fractures, provide stability and facilitate early rehabilitation. With a comprehensive rehabilitation program, patients can achieve excellent results, regaining full function and minimizing the risk of long-term complications.
To find out more about hip fracture osteosynthesis, contact us at 6943903343 (secretariat), 6949196061(physician) or orthopedikos-papagiannopoulos.gr and make an appointment.
