Osteosynthesis of shoulder fractures: procedure and advantages
The shoulder is a complex joint, consisting of many bones that work together to facilitate a wide range of movements. This mobility, however, makes the shoulder vulnerable to fractures. Fractures of the shoulder area can cause particular pain and reduce the functionality of the area if not treated promptly and effectively. Osteosynthesis is one of the available treatment options that is usually applied to more complex fractures.
The shoulder area is made up of three main bones: the clavicle, scapula and humerus.
Fractures in the clavicle can be simple or comminuted (multiple fractures). Fractures of the scapula are rare and are usually the result of a high force applied to the area. Fractures in the humerus often occur after a fall in an outstretched arm.
Causes of fractures in the shoulder area
Fractures in the shoulder area can result from a variety of factors, depending on the age of the person, activity level and bone health. The most common causes are:
- High-impact injuries, such as those resulting from car accidents, falls from height or during sports activities.
- Falls, especially if they involve a fall on an outstretched arm, and are more common in older people.
- Osteoporosis, as bones become more fragile and therefore more prone to fractures even from minor causes.
- Injuries from overuse or strain (stress fracture), such as from repetitive activities in sports or due to the nature of work.
Symptoms accompanying fractures in the shoulder girdle
Symptoms of fractures in the shoulder area usually include:
- Direct and sharp pain, which worsens with movement of the shoulder or pressure on the area.
- Swelling, which occurs relatively quickly, with visible bruising around the shoulder or chest.
- In cases of fractures of the clavicle, it may show visible deformity.
- Limited range of motion accompanied by pain and stiffness.
- A sensation of grinding during movement, indicating that the bone fragments are probably rubbing against each other.
The procedure for diagnosing fractures in the shoulder girdle includes a physical examination to assess pain, tenderness, deformity and range of motion, X-rays to give the doctor a clear picture of the fracture type, displacement and number of fragments, and CT scans in more complex fractures to determine the extent of the injury.
How are fractures in the shoulder girdle treated?
Treatment varies from patient to patient depending on the location, type and severity of the fracture, as well as the age and general health of the patient.
For fixed and non-displaced fractures, treatment is usually conservative and includes:
- Immobilization, to support the joint and allow the bone to heal naturally.
- Medication for pain management.
- A program of physiotherapy, after the initial healing phase, to restore mobility and strength.
Surgical rehabilitation with osteosynthesis
For complex fractures or those with significant displacement, surgery is usually the most appropriate solution. An osteosynthesis is performed to stabilize the bone using various materials, such as plates, screws or intramedullary nails, allowing for proper alignment and healing.
The procedure is usually performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon repositions the bone fragments in their natural position. The appropriate material is then used to fix the bone. The incision is closed and the area is immobilized as needed to protect the operated area and to allow it to heal effectively.
The advantages of osteosynthesis
- Ensures that bone segments align precisely, facilitating proper healing and reducing the risk of misalignment and subsequent risks.
- Fast mobilization. Patients can begin rehabilitation sooner, reducing the risk of stiffness and thus are able to return to daily activities sooner.
- Better site functionality, reducing the risk of long-term complications such as arthritis or reduced range of motion.
Prevention tips for shoulder fractures
- Prevent falls, especially for seniors, through home modifications, balance/proprioception exercises and regular vision exams.
- Use of protective equipment in high-risk sports and activities.
- Maintaining bone health by adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D, regular exercise and avoiding smoking or excessive alcohol consumption.
- Proper technique in sports activities to minimize shoulder strain.
Shoulder girdle fractures require accurate diagnosis and treatment for optimal rehabilitation and to avoid long-term complications. Osteosynthesis offers effective fixation, faster recovery and better results compared to conservative methods, especially in severe cases.
To find out more about osteosynthesis of shoulder fractures, contact us at 6943903343 (secretariat) or 6949196061 (physician) and at orthopedikos-papagiannopoulos.gr and make an appointment.
