Arthroscopic shoulder stabilization: a detailed guide
Shoulder instability is a common problem for athletes, people who make repetitive overhead movements and those who have suffered an injury to the area. When the shoulder joint becomes unstable, it can cause symptoms such as frequent dislocations and pain. In cases of chronic shoulder instability that do not respond to conservative treatments, arthroscopic shoulder stabilization surgery may be the ideal option to restore stability and improve shoulder function.
What is arthroscopic shoulder stabilization surgery?
Arthroscopic shoulder stabilization surgery is a minimally invasive procedure to treat shoulder instability. The procedure is performed using an arthroscope, a small camera that is inserted into the joint through a microscopic incision, and specialized tools that allow the surgeon to view the shoulder joint on a monitor. The goal of this surgery is to restore stability to the shoulder joint, preventing further dislocation and relieving long-term pain and instability.
When is shoulder stabilization needed?
Shoulder instability occurs when the head of the humerus slips out of the glenoid into the scapula, either partially or completely. As the shoulder is the most mobile joint in the body, this high mobility results in greater susceptibility to instability.
Indications for arthroscopic shoulder stabilization
Arthroscopic shoulder stabilization is usually necessary in cases:
- Chronic shoulder dislocations, in patients who have not found relief from conservative treatments.
- Fractures of the glenoid labrum, which plays an important role in shoulder stabilization.
- Failure of conservative treatments such as rest, physiotherapy and medication.
- Damage to multiple structures (such as tendons) to restore function and prevent further damage.
Why is a surgical procedure required to stabilize the shoulder?
The primary goal of arthroscopic shoulder stabilization is to address the underlying causes of instability. Without stabilization, the shoulder joint can continue to dislocate, causing progressive damage to the surrounding tissues and long-term chronic pain, weakness and, in severe cases, early arthritis.
In addition, instability often affects a person's ability to perform daily activities or return to sports, especially those involving overhead movements, such as swimming. Without surgery, the risk of recurrent dislocations and long-term joint damage increases significantly.
How is arthroscopic shoulder stabilization performed?
The procedure is usually performed under general anaesthesia and the surgeon will insert the arthroscope and other instruments into the shoulder. He will then restore the torn, overstretched or damaged ligaments by placing small anchors in the shoulder socket and sewing the ligaments back into the bone.
This minimally invasive technique allows for faster recovery times and less scarring compared to traditional open surgery.
What to expect during recovery
Recovery after arthroscopic shoulder stabilization varies from patient to patient, depending on the severity of the injury and the complexity of the surgery. However, the general timetable includes several phases.
After surgery, the shoulder is usually immobilised to protect the joint. The patient may experience mild pain and swelling, which can be treated with painkillers and ice application.
Physiotherapy is also an important part of the recovery process. The plan may include gentle range of motion exercises to prevent stiffness, followed by strengthening exercises to restore muscle strength.
A return to full activity is usually not recommended until about 3 months after the arthroscopic procedure, depending on the patient's progress and the surgeon's recommendations. Most patients can return to basic daily activities within 2 months, usually 4-6 months are required for full recovery and return to competitive sports or vigorous activities. Premature return to activity can cause re-injury and destabilize the shoulder joint.
Benefits of arthroscopic shoulder stabilization
- Minimally invasive, which means less scarring, less risk of infection and faster recovery.
- Improved stability, as the procedure addresses the root cause of shoulder instability.
- Regaining full range of motion, making it easier for patients to return to sports or daily activities.
Risks and complications of shoulder stabilization surgery
As with any surgical procedure, arthroscopic shoulder stabilization can involve rarely risks and complications such as:
- Infection, although rare, especially if the surgical site is not properly cared for.
- Nerve damage, which can cause numbness, weakness or loss of sensation.
- Stiffness or reduced range of motion, especially if the rehabilitation plan is not followed.
- In some cases, the shoulder may remain unstable or the joint may dislocate again.
Arthroscopic shoulder stabilization offers a highly effective solution for those suffering from chronic shoulder instability or recurrent dislocations. To learn more about arthroscopic shoulder stabilization, contact us at 6943903343 (secretariat) or 6949196061 (doctor) and at orthopedikos-papagiannopoulos.gr and make an appointment.
